The first novel and efficient chiral DMAP-thiourea bifunctional catalyst has been successfully developed and applied in highly enantioselective acyl-transfer reactions. A series of 1,3-oxazolyl carbonates are efficiently transformed to C-carboxyazlactones (Steglich rearrangement) by employing 5 mol% of this bifunctional nucleophilic catalyst with good yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 90% yield and 97% ee), and 2-benzofuranylcarbonates are also converted to 3,3-disubstituted benzofuran-2-ones (Black rearrangement) with satisfactory asymmetric induction (up to 92% yield and 87% ee).